关键词: DNA条形码, COI基因, 16S rRNA基因, 仔稚鱼

Abstract: In order to improve the identification accuracy of fish larvae and juveniles, fish larvae and juvenile samples collected from Xiamen sea area were identified by DNA barcoding technology based on COI and 16S rRNA. A total of 64 COI gene sequences and 74 16S rRNA sequences were obtained. By COI sequence alignment, samples were identified to 26 species, including 19 to the level of species, 6 to the level of genera and 1 to the level of family. By 16S rRNA genes, samples were identified to 29 species, including 23 to the level of species, and 6 to the level of genera. The average intraspecific genetic distance of COI gene was 0.001 5, the average interspecific genetic distance was 0.197 6, the average intraspecific genetic distance of 16S rRNA gene was 0.000 3, and the average interspecific genetic distance was 0.089 2, respectively. The interspecific genetic distance of the two genes were more than 10 times of the intraspecific genetic distance, both of which could be used for the effective identification of fish larvae and juveniles. In the phylogenetic tree constructed based on COI and 16S rRNA genes, all species were clustered into independent branches, different individuals of the same species could cluster in one branch, and these species could be effectively distinguished. These results indicated that both COI and 16S rRNA genes could realize the species identification of fish larvae and juveniles, and the combination of the two genes could improve the accuracy of species identification.